First Aid Class 5 EVS Chapter Notes

The chapter “First Aid” is taken from the Let’s Look Around and Learn Environmental Studies Textbook for students of Class 5th of JKBOSE. You have already read about Question Answers of Chapter 7 First Aid. In this post, I am detailing to you about First Aid Class 5 EVS Chapter Notes. Let’s get started;

First Aid Class 5 EVS Chapter Notes

Introduction

The chapter “First Aid” is the first treatment provided in case of minor accidents and injuries like burns, heatstroke, bleeding nose, insect bites, wounds and sprain etc. The chapter to aware children of the knowledge and importance of First Aid.

First Aid Chapter Notes

The accidents like burns, heatstroke, bleeding nose, insect bites, wounds and sprain etc. can happen suddenly. These accidents can happen anywhere – at home, on the road, on the playground or at school. We need some immediate help in situations like this. This kind of help is called first aid,”

The First Aid Box contains all the things required for immediate help to the accident victim.

These include a bandage, cotton wool, gauze, a pair of scissors, a blade, potassium permanganate (Lal dava), antiseptic solution, spirit, thermometer, etc. These things can be used in case of accidents.

A person who has to give first aid must keep the following points in mind:

• She/he must have full knowledge of the materials available in the First Aid Box.
• She/he should also know how to handle the materials in the box.
• She/he should not panic about seeing the victim.

No time should be lost in providing first aid to the victim. Sometimes a little delay can be very dangerous. There are many occasions when we need to provide first aid. Some of them are:

• Burns
• Heat Stroke.
• Bleeding Nose.
• Insect Bite.
• Wounds
• Sprain

Let’s study them one by one.

1. Burns.

Sometimes, accidentally boiling water or hot oil falls on a part of our body or we touch a hot object. As a result, we burn our skin. The intensity of burn depends on the heat of the object, the type of clothes we are wearing and the kind of weather too. Here are things that we should do and should not do in case of burns.

Do’s	Don’ts
Pour cold water immediately on the burn till the burning sensation stops.	Do not apply ghee, oil, etc on the burn.
You can keep an ice or cold-water pack on the burn.	Do not cover the burn with a thick cloth.
If a person’s clothes catch fire, make the person roll on the floor.	Do not wrap a blanket around a person whose clothes have caught fire.
Protect the burn from dust, dirt, files, etc. Cover it with a thin and light cotton cloth.	Do not tie a cloth tightly. Do not use dirty cloth.
If the burn is severe, go to a doctor	Do not go to an unqualified person.

2. Heat Stroke

In the months of May and June when it is very hot outside, we experience very hot and strong winds called “loo”.

If we remain out in such a condition for a longer period of time, we might feel giddy, tired and get a headache. These are symptoms of heatstroke. Following are some of the Do’s and Don’ts for the person suffering from heatstroke.

Do's	Don'ts
Make the patient lie down in a shady place	Do not crowd around the patient.
In case of high fever, a cold sponge is helpful	Do not cover the patient with any cloth, especially woollen cloth.
Give the patient a solution of salt, sugar and lime. You can also give the juice of an unripe mango	Do not give hot tea or coffee to the patient.

3. Bleeding Nose

When it is very hot, there may be bleeding from our nose. We call it a bleeding nose. Following are some of the Do’s and Don’ts for the person suffering from a bleeding nose.

Do's	Don'ts
Make the patient lie down with his head in a lower position than the body.	Do not put a pillow under the patient's head.
Pour cold water on the patient's head.	The patient must not put his finger in the nose.
A cold pack can be put on the nose.	The patient must not blow his nose too often.

4. Insect Bite

Insects like a bee, a wasp, etc., are commonly found around us. These insects sometimes sting us, which can be very painful. Sometimes a sting can cause swelling in that part of the body. We should not tease insects. It is only when we tease them, that they usually sting us.

We should do this when insects bite us.

Place a piece of ice or pour cold water on the affected area. We can also apply ammonia or lime water to the area.

5. Wounds

Very often while playing, we hurt ourselves on our knees, ankles, elbows, etc. Following are some of the Do’s and Don’ts for the person suffering from wounds.

Do's	Don'ts
Wash the wound with clean water then clean the wound with an antiseptic solution.	Do not apply any oil or grease to the wound.

6. Sprain

Sometimes when we run very fast or when our foot twists, it can cause a sprain. It happens because of a tear in the muscles. The affected area can be very painful. There can be swelling also.

We should do this in such a situation.

Do's	Don'ts
Give sufficient support to the affected area, especially the hands and legs.	Do not massage the affected area.
Put a cold-water pack on the affected area.	Do not give fomentation to the affected area immediately.
After 24 hours of the sprain put some salt in lukewarm water and give fomentation.	Do not go to an unqualified person.
Continue the support to be affected area, especially hands and legs, till the sprain is cured.	Do not put any pressure on the affected area till the swellings reduce.

Precautions to Avoid Accidents

We must take some precautions to avoid accidents. These are:

• Do not try to put a pencil or eraser into your nose, ear or mouth.
• Do not put coins, or marbles into your mouth. These can get stuck in your throat.
• Do not put your finger into a plug point.
• Do not touch naked wires.
• Do not play with scissors, knives, screw drives, nails or any sharp objects or put them in your mouth.
• Do not work on agas stove in the absence of an adult.
• Do not play with burning matchsticks or candles.
• Do not disobey traffic rules while walking on the road.

When an accident happens, only first aid is not enough. If it is a major accident, we should immediately take the patient to the doctor.

That’s all about First Aid Class 5 EVS Chapter Notes. Hope it has helped. Do share your views about this post in the commment section below.